洞见新的世界

众所周知，钱学森是享誉海内外的杰出科学家、中国航天事业的奠基人，然而同时，钱学森还是一位思想家，是系统工程中国学派的创始人。钱学森的一生先后经历了20年美国学术奠基、近28年中国航天实践、晚年近30年学术研究，他在哲学、科学、技术、工程各个层面均取得了巨大成就。钱学森的一生生动诠释了他本人的一句话：要敢于说别人没说过的话、走别人没走过的路、干别人没有干成的事。 本书由钱学森智库撰写，由中国航天系统科学与工程研究院和本社联合组成编委会。全书分为四个部分：“从拂晓到黎明：新的思想之光”“时代的呼唤：创建系统学”“系统观念下的科学预见”“从此岸到彼岸：新世界的猜想”，内容丰富，资料全面，用通俗易懂的方式，比较全面地阐述了钱学森的系统论思想，特别是开放的复杂巨系统理论的缘起、发展、成熟、创新，试图拨开时代的迷雾，为人类认识客观世界、改造客观世界提供新的理论武器。

Preface V Chapter One Humanity Requires a New Reasoning Method 1 Section I All Things Are Numbered: The Universe in a Wine Glass 7 1. Descartes’ Dream: Deductive Reasoning, the “Divide and Conquer” Approach 7 2. God Created Numbers, and Everything Else Is up to Humanity 11 3. The Victory of Reductionism: 400 Years of Glory 16 4. The Pinnacle of “Divide and Conquer”: An Era of Atomic Energy 27 Section II Union After Long Division: The Reconstruction of the Systems Approach 33 1. The Era of “Union After Long Division” Has Arrived in the 21st Century 33 2. Systems Theory, Cybernetics, and Information Theory 37 3. Dissipative Structure Theory, Synergy Theory and Catastrophe Theory 54 4. The Santa Fe Institute and New Ideas on Complex Theory 66 Section III The Direction: Hsue-shen Tsien’s Answer 70 1. The Göttingen School of Thought and the Ideology of Technical Science 70 2. The Development of Hsue-shen Tsien’s Approach to Technical Science 76 3. The Birth of Man-Machine-Environment System Engineering 84 Summary 90 Chapter Two The Call of the Times: Creating Systems Science 93 Section I Tinder Awakening: From Aerospace Practice to Theoretical Innovation 96 1. The Growth of Systems Engineering During Trying Times 97 2. Hsue-shen Tsien Opened the Prelude of China’s System Engineering 111 3.Hsue-shen Tsien Triggered a Wave of Chinese System Engineering 118 Section II Sparkling Fire: From Engineering Systems to Social Systems 122 1. Symposium on Systems and Its Impact 122 2. Meta-Synthesis 128 3. From the Innovation of Methodology to the Emergence of Wisdom 131 Section III The Ideological Fire: From the Scientist to the Ideologist 134 1. From Simple Systems to Complex Systems 134 2. The Context of Open Complex Giant Systems 135 3. The Influence of Chinese Systems’ Science on the World 138 Section IV Systems Theory: Realizing the Dialectical Unity of Reductionism and Holism 141 1. Three Developmental Stages of Systems Science 142 2. Innovative Contributions of Systems Science Theory 144 3. The Dialectical Unity of Hsue-shen Tsien’s Systems Theory 145 Summary 148 Chapter Three Scientific Foresight Under the system-based thinking 151 Section I Nuclear Power 153 1. Exploring the Scientific Application of Nuclear Power 153 2. Modern Warfare with Nuclear Deterrence 156 Section II Landing on the Moon 158 1. Humanity’s Bold Vision of Landing on the Moon 158 2. Three Steps of China’s Lunar Exploration Project 160 Section III Space Shuttle 163 1. Advanced Thinking on Space Shuttles 163 2. Forward-Looking Innovations in the Field of Rockets and Aerospace 167 3. Accurate Research and Judgment on China’s Manned Spaceflight 167 Section IV New Energy Vehicles 171 1. Strategic Vision for New Energy Vehicles 171 2. Robust Development of New Energy Vehicles in the World 173 3. The Future of China’s New Energy Vehicles 174 Section V High-Tech Industries 178 1. The Conception of High-Tech Industries 178 2. The Development of China’s High-Tech Industry 180 Section VI Development of Modern Science and Technology System 183 1. The Prediction about Scientific and Technological Development 183 2. The Conception of a Modern Science and Technology System 186 Summary 193 Chapter Four From This Shore to Another: The Conjecture about a New World 195 Section I “What” and “How” 199 1. Scientific Interpretation of the Patterns of Social Development 199 2. The Historical Correction of the Industrial Revolution 201 3. Deep Insights into Future Industries 204 Section II Minimal Information Triggers a Big Wave 206 1. The Core of the Fifth Industrial Revolution Is Information 207 2. Steering the Space-Terrestrial Integrated Network Away from the “Tragedy of the Commons” at the Macro Level 211 3. Eliminating Uncertainty in Decision-Making at the Micro Level 217 Section III The Future of the Large Bio-Industry 223 1. The Sixth Industrial Revolution and Biotechnology 223 2. Providing New Development Ideas for Rural Revitalization 228 3. Building A Community Between Humans and Nature 230 Section IV Climbing the “Mount Everest” of the Scientific World 232 1. Human Science: The Seventh Industrial Revolution 232 2. Jumping Out of the “Curative Medicine” Mindset 237 Section V The Modern Answer to “Hsue-shen Tsien’s Problems” 241 1. Education Method: Integrate Great Knowledge to Obtain Wisdom 241 2. Education Method: Stimulating Innovative Thinking by Using the Integration of Five Quotients 243 3. Education Method: The Simultaneous Development in Four Measures will Promote the Emergence of Innovative Talents 245 4. Education Tool: The Innovative Practice of Meta-Synthetic Wisdom Education 247 Section VI Trans-Era Resonance in Thoughts 252 1. Architecture-like Scientific Governance of a Society 252 2. Advance from Practical Application to Realization of Hsue shen Tsien’s Systematic Thinking 256 3. Systems Approach in the New Era: A New Journey of Governing the Country 259 Summary 262 Conclusion 264 Postscript 272

钱学森智库，是以“中国航天之父”钱学森的生平事迹及其重要思想理论作为研究对象的专门机构，掌握权威、翔实的第一手资料。

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